Test-driven development (TDD) is all about writing "clean code that works." Here are some quotes (from Kent Beck) that intuitively describe TDD:

The style here is to write a few lines of code, then a test that should run, or even better, to write a test that won't run, then write the code that will make it run.

...

[After figuring out how to write one small piece of code ...] Now, instead of just coding on, we want to get immediate feedback and practice "code a little, test a little, code a little, test a little." [... So we immediately write a test for it.]

TDD grew out of Extreme Programming, ad evolved from the simple XP idea of "build a little, test a little" during coding. Basically, your code always has a complete set of tests that exercises its capabilities, and you write new tests as you add to your code. Practiced systematically, TDD:

Learning About TDD

To learn more about TDD (not necessary before the workshop, but provided in case you are curious or want to learn more later), the first place to start is the following (easy to read) classic:

While the Java stuff may not apply, the basic practices and emphasis of TDD are well-presented. Next, the following two articles are required reading for getting a good overall view of TDD:

Finally, if you'd like to dig into TDD more deeply, you might find the following sources useful (some appear to be off-line at the moment, so a little searching may be required):